Pes Cavus Congenital Hydrocephalus

Overview
A claw foot or Pes Cavus foot is a genetic defect in the foot with a high arch. Claw feet are relatively inflexible. This will often be associated with very tight calf muscles at the back of the lower leg. Pes Cavus of the foot can cause pain in the feet during walking, toes may be bent and cannot be be straightened easily without causing pain.

Causes
Cavus foot commonly occurs as a result of an underlying medical or neurological condition, such as polio, muscular dystrophy or cerebral palsy. Cavus foot may also occur as a result of congenital defects. They may be inherited from a parent, or they may result from an orthopedic condition or a disease of the nerves or muscles.

Symptoms
indications of the presence of pes cavus include the nature of the symptoms presented, such as metatarsalgia-type pain and callusing under the ball of the foot, pain along the lateral column of the foot, lateral ankle instability and recurrent inversion sprains, plantar fasciitis, and stress fractures of the lesser metatarsals.

Diagnosis
If a neurological condition is suspected to shop online be at the heart of your problem, your podiatrist will probably examine your leg as well as your foot, and may also refer you to a neurologist, who is specially trained in recognizing such conditions.

Non Surgical Treatment
Non-surgical treatment is instituted early and is chiefly delivered by podiatrists and orthotists, preferably working alongside doctors in a foot and ankle clinic. Orthotic treatment can broadly be separated into four types, pressure relief, correction of deformity, accommodation of deformity, and splinting. Chiropodists and podiatrists can provide simple devices, but more involved orthoses are made by an orthotist. A simple cushioning orthosis alone may help symptoms from pressure overload. Pressure on the metatarsal heads is alleviated by a total contact orthosis that widens the contact area. One randomised controlled trial has compared custom-molded, semi-rigid orthoses with soft, sham inserts. The custom inserts caused a clinically and statistically significant reduction in foot pain scores and peak plantar pressure at three months, and a significant increase in quality of life measures.

Surgical Treatment
The aims of surgery are threefold. To correct deformity, thereby placing a balanced, stable, plantigrade foot on the ground with even plantar pressures between heel, first ray and fifth ray. To relieve pain due to overloaded or arthritic joints, while preserving joint motion where possible. To re-balance muscle forces, aiding in gait and preventing progression or recurrence of deformity. In principle, these aims are achieved by means of Joint releases and tendon lengthening. Tendon transfers, taking over-powerful, mechanically advantaged tendons and transferring them to weaker, disadvantaged tendons. Osteotomies, dividing and re-aligning bones, and stabilising with plaster or internal fixation. Arthrodeses, fusing stiff, painful joints.